India QuickFact

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Last Updated: 08 Aug 2009.

India at a Glance
Full Name Republic of India
Short Name India/Bharat (Local)
Capital New Delhi (Area: 42.7 km)
Independence Friday, August 15, 1947 (From UK)
Republic Thursday, January 26, 1950
Nationality Indian (Adjective) Indians (Noun)
National Anthem Jana Gana Mana
National Song Vande Matram
National Bird Peacock
National Animal Tiger
National Flower Lotus
National Fruit Mango
National Tree Banyan Tree
Geography
Continent Asia
Location South Asia, Indian Subcontinent.
20 00 N,77 00 E 
Total Area 3,287,550 sq km
2,973,190 sq km (Land-90.44%)
314,400 sq km (Water-9.56%)
Border Area Total: 14,123 km
Border Sharing Countries: Bangladesh
4,055 km; Bhutan 605 km; China 3,380 km; 
Myanmar 1,463 km; Nepal 1,688 km;
Pakistan 2,932 km
Coastal Area 7,500 km
Natural Resources Bauxite, Chromite, Coal (world’s fourth largest 
deposits), Crude Oil, Cultivatable Land, Diamond,
Gold, Iron Ore, Lime Stone, Natural Gas,
Manganese, Mica, Thorium (world’s largest
deposits) Titanium Ore, Potable Water resources
1,869 cubic km per year.
Natural Hazards Droughts, Thunderstorms, flash floods, 
Earthquakes, widespread flood 
from Monsoon rain, Tsunami.
Environment Issues Carbon Emission, Deforestation, Soil erosion,
Air Pollution (excluding Carbon emission), 
Population, overgrazing, water pollution 
from fertilizer and industrial discharge, Huge 
Demography
Population 1,147,622,902 (2008 Estimate)
1,178,914,339 (2011 Advance Estimate)
Age Composition 0-15 Years – 34.43%
15-59 Years – 58.70%
60 Years and above – 6.92%
Median Age – 25.3 (Total)
Male – 24.7
Female – 25.5
Population Growth Rate 1.52% (2008 Estimate)
Birth Rate 22.2 Births/1,000 Population (2008 Estimate)
Death Rate 6.4 deaths/1,000 Population (2008 Estimate)
Net Migration Rate -0.5 Migrant(s)/1,000 population
Literacy Rate 61%
Male – 73.4%
Female – 47.8%
Spending on Education 3.7% of the GDP
Defense Budget $34.1 Billion, 2.8% of GDP
Government
Government Type Federal Republic, Coalition Government
Ruling Political Party United Progressive Alliance (UPA) 
Elected and formed the Gov't in 2004
Now re-elected and going to form for
the next 5 years.
Administrative Divisions 28 States and its Chief Minister mentioned in 
parenthesis named as Andhra Pradesh (Konijeti 
Rosaiah); Arunachal Pradesh
(Dorjee Khandu), Assam (Tarun Gogoi), 
Bihar (Nitish Kumar), Chhattisgarh 
(Raman Singh), Goa (Digambar Kamat), 
Gujarat (Narendra Modi), Haryana
(Bhupinder Singh Hooda), Himachal Pradesh
(Prem Kumar Dhumal), Jammu & Kashmir
(Omar Abdullah), Jharkhand (President's Rule),
Karnataka (BS Yeddyurappa), Kerala
(VS Achuthanandan), Madhya Pradesh
(Shivraj Singh Chouhan), Maharashtra
(Ashok Chavan), Manipur (Okram Ibobi Singh), 
Meghalaya (Mukul Sangma), Mizoram 
(PU Lalthanhawla), Nagaland (Neiphiu Rio), 
Orissa (Naveen Patnaik), Punjab
(Parkash Singh Badal), Rajasthan (Ashok Gehlot)
Sikkim (Pawan Chamling), Tamil Nadu 
(M Karunanidhi), Tripura (Manik Sarkar)
Uttar Pradesh (Kumari Mayawati), Uttrakhand 
(Dr Ramesh Pokhriyal), West Bengal
(Buddhadeb Bhattacharya).
Seven Union Territories and its Lt. Governor or 
CM if mentioned otherwise in parenthesis named
as Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(Gov. General Bhopinder Singh); Chandigarh
(Gov. Sunith Francis Rodrigues); Dadra & 
Nagar Haveli (Admin. RK Varma);
Daman and Diu (Admin. Arun Mathur);
Lakshadweep (Admin. BV Selvaraj);
National Capital Territory of Delhi
(Shiela Dixit {Chief Minister} Gov.
Tejendra Khanna); Pondicherry (V Vaithilingam
{Chief Minister} Gov. Bhopinder Singh).
National Holidays 26th Jan (Republic Day), 15th Aug
(Independence Day), 2nd Oct (Birthday of
Mahatma Gandhi).
Franchise/Suffrage 18 Years of Age.
Head of the State President Pratibha Patil (Since 25th Jul, 2007)
Also Supreme Commander of India's Armed Forces
Vice President Hamid Ansari (Since 11th Aug, 2007)
Head of the Government Manmohan Singh (Prime Minister) Since 22nd
May, 2004. Re-elected on 22nd May 2009
Cabinet Ministry and its incumbent mentioned in 
parenthesis are:
Agriculture (Sharad Pawar); Chemicals 
& Fertilizers (MK Alahgiri);
Coal (Manmohan Singh); Commerce & Industry
(Anand Sharma); Communication & Information
Technology (A Raja); Culture (Manmohan Singh);
Consumer Affairs & Public Distribution, Food
& Civil Supplies (Sharad Pawar)
Defense (AK Antony); Development of North
Eastern Region (BK Handique); Dept of 
Atomic Energy, Dept of Space (Manmohan
Singh); Environment & Food
Processing Industries (Subodh Kant Sahay)
Forests (Manmohan Singh); 
External Affairs (SM Krishna); Finance 
(Pranab Mukherjee); Health & Family Welfare 
(Ghulam Nabi Azad); Heavy Industries 
& Public Enterprises (Vilasrao Deshmukh); 
Home Affairs (Palaniappan Chidambaram);
Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation (Ku Selja)
Human Resource Development (Kapil Sibal); 
Information & Broadcasting (Ambika Soni);
Labour & Employment (Mallikarjun Kharge)
Law & Justice (M Veerappa Moily);
Mines (BK Handique); Minority Affairs 
(AR Antulay); Overseas Indian Affairs 
(Vayalar Ravi); Parliamentry Affairs (Pawan
Planning Ministry (Manmohan Singh)
Bansal); Personnel, Public Grievances &
Pensions (Manmohan Singh); Petroleum & 
New & Renewable Energy (Farooq Abdhullah)
Natural Gas (Murli Deora); Power (Sushil Kumar
Shinde); Railways (Mamta Banerjee); 
Road Transport and Highways (Kamal Nath)
Rural Development & Panchayati Raj
(CP Joshi); Shipping Ministry (GK Vasan)
Social Justice & Empowerment 
(Mukul Wasnik); Steel (Virbhadra Singh);
Textiles (Dayanidhi Maran); Tourism
(Kumari Selja); Tribal Affairs (Kantilal Bhuria); 
Urban Development (S Jaipal Reddy);
Water Resources (Meira Kumar);
Youth Affairs & Sports (MS Gill)
Judicial Division Supreme Court of India
Economy
Financial Capital Mumbai, Maharashtra (Area: 603 Sq km)
GDP 
(Purchasing Power Parity) $3.6 Trillion (2009-10 AE)
GDP (Official Exchange Rate) $1.20 Trillion (2009-10 AE)
GDP Growth Rate 8.5% (2009-10 Estimate)
GDP Per Capita  (PPP) $2,900 (2009 Est)
GDP Composition Agriculture – 17.57%
Industry – 27.39%
Service – 55.04%
India’s Total Export $172 Billion (2008 Est)
India’s Total Import $251.57 Billion (2008 Est)
Unemployment Rate 8.6% (2009 Est)
Minimum Wage Per Day Rs.52.69 ($1.2)
Public Debt 53% of GDP (2009-10)
Inflation (WPI) 9.11% (2008)
Inflation (CPI) 9.8% (2008)
Currency Indian Rupee (Currency Code: INR)
Bank Note Denominations: Re.1; Rs.2; Rs.5
Rs.10; Rs.20; Rs.50; Rs.100; Rs.500 and
Rs. 1000
Central Bank Reserve Bank of India
Visit official website
Head of the Central Bank Governor Duvvuri Subbarao
Central Bank Discount Rate 6%
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) 6%
Repo Rate  5.75%
Prime Lending Rate (PLR) 12.25%
Commercial Bank (Private) 25 Banks are Operating (See the list)
Commercial Bank (Public) 21 Banks as Nationalized Bank
(See list)
Foreign Bank 29 Banks are Operating
(See the list)
Budget Revenue - $143.27 Billion
Expenditures - $198.58 Billion
Stock Exchanges  Bombay Stock Exchange
(Visit Official Website)
National Stock Exchange 
(Visit Official Website)
Number of Companies Listed 4,986 (Jun 2010)
Market value of 
Publicly Traded Shares $1.372 Trillion (Jun 2010)